Hub

From Bandipedia

Hubs replicate data they receive across every port on the network, effectively spamming each PC with data that only one will need. Furthermore, if two PC’s transmit data at the same time, they must “talk” to each other to decide whose data is sent first. The protocol PC’s use to administer this rule-set is Ethernet Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD). An Ethernet adapter of a PC or devise has a receiving and transmitting port. When using this protocol, only one port can be active as the other is in listening mode on the look-out for potential data collision. By nature, this environment is half-duplex therefore rendering any LAN that utilizes this protocol unstable for VoIP deployment.

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